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Generator Start-Up

Generator Start-Up Analysis

Using full frequency-dependent machine and network models, the Generator Start-Up calculation program analyzes cold-state starting of generators under normal and emergency conditions.
A generator with exciter and turbine and control system diagram

  • Start a generator from a cold-state
  • Load a generator until it reaches to synchronous speed
  • Use frequency-dependent machine and network model
  • Utilizes User-Defined Dynamic Models Program
  • Special dynamic turbine actions during start-up
  • An expansion to the Transient Stability Analysis Program

 

Generator Start-Up Software Capabilities

  • Study quick recovery of power to critical loads
  • Determine optimum loading time
  • Schedule loading sequence
  • Analyze generator & motor starting behaviors
  • Study governor & AVR behaviors during starting
  • Simulate diesel generator starting for critical applications such as nuclear generation plants
  • Evaluate power recovery to critical loads when power grid connection is lost
  • Start a stand-by generator from cold-state under normal & emergency conditions
  • Simulate motor acceleration & rejection
  • Automatically simulate relay actions during analysis

 

Flexible Operations

  • Generator parameter correction due to saturation effect
  • Initial field flashing circuit & switching time
  • Detailed & user-programmable speed-governor system control
  • System switching controlled by relay actions
  • Variety of relay controls (Volt, Hz, V/Hz, dHz/dt)
  • Motor acceleration at under-voltage & under-frequency conditions

Dynamic Models

  • Exciters
  • Automatic Voltage Regulators (AVR)
  • Governors
  • Turbines
  • Power System Stabilizers (PSS)
Using full frequency-dependent machine and network models, the program analyzes cold-state starting of generators under normal and emergency conditions. The entire generator start-up process includes automatic control relay simulation and dynamic behaviors of exciters-AVR, governor, turbine /engine, and Power System Stabilizers (PSS).
It can be utilized to simulate detailed dynamic responses of the starting generator, test emergency loads including motors, MOV and others connected to the generator before it reaches the synchronous speed and rated voltage.

Videos

How to dynamically model & analyze generator stability during step loading using ETAP software

How to dynamically model & analyze generator stability during step loading using ETAP software

This study simulates the impact of step loading on the transient stability of a 2 x 25 MW GTG-based captive power plant at one of the Chemical Fertilizer Plants located at Trombay, India. The variation of electrical frequency and terminal voltage of the generator during the most conservative step loading of one generator unit is studied. The loads divided in steps are switched at certain time intervals to determine whether the frequency profile of the system is within the acceptable limit of ±5%. Load Flow and Short Circuit Studies are performed on the entire power plant distribution network of the fertilizer plant in advance to check the adequacy of equipment ratings during normal and short circuit conditions with all verified input data. The step load response study is carried out with only one GTG unit running in isolation, feeding only the critical emergency loads. Transient behavior of the GTG unit is simulated with IEEE transfer function dynamic models, viz. AC8B model of excitation system (AVR) and IEEE GGOV1 model for turbine governing system using the in-built standard library in ETAP software version 16.1.0. Various parameters of the generator like speed, active and reactive power, bus voltage, and frequency are plotted for determining the transient performance of the GTG unit.

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Electrical Power System Analysis